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    <title>Author Sweets blog</title>
    <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog</link>
    <description>The Author Sweets blog: practical posts for novelists, memoirists and nonfiction authors on craft, planning and the writing life, newest first.</description>
    <language>en</language>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <item>
      <title>How to come back to a manuscript after months away</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/come-back-to-a-manuscript</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/come-back-to-a-manuscript</guid>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Writing life</category>
      <description>Picking up a book you set down: read the plan before the draft, write a short where-we-are note, start with a small scene and set a goal for a bad week.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;Almost every book has a gap in it somewhere. A new job, a baby, an illness, a move, a bad review of something else, or simply a long stretch where the writing stopped feeling possible. The draft sits in a folder, and every week it is untouched it gets a little harder to open.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Coming back is a skill, and it is a different skill from writing. The first sitting back is rarely about words; it is about finding your way into the book again without being flattened by it. Here is a way to do that, in roughly the order that helps.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Forgive the gap first&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The hardest part of returning is usually the feeling about the gap, not the gap itself. It is easy to treat the months away as evidence that you are not a real writer, or that the book was never going to work.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Neither follows. Plenty of books are written in bursts with long silences between them, and the silences often do useful work: you come back knowing things about the story that you could not see while you were inside it. Decide, deliberately, that the gap is over and needs no apology. The book does not know how long you were gone.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Read the plan before the draft&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The instinct is to open chapter one and read the whole draft from the start. For a short draft that can work. For a long one, it usually goes badly: you meet your oldest, roughest pages first, the urge to fix them is overwhelming, and three weeks later you have a polished opening and no more book than before.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Start with whatever plan you have instead. An outline, a synopsis, the scene list, your notes, even the chapter titles. You are trying to remember the shape of the book, not its sentences: where it starts, where it is going, and roughly where you stopped. If you never had a plan, make a rough one now, a line per chapter, from what you remember. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/outline-a-novel-in-an-afternoon&quot;&gt;outlining a novel in an afternoon&lt;/a&gt; has a quick way to do it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Write a where-we-are note&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Before you write any of the book, write a short note to yourself, a paragraph or two, answering three questions:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;What is this book about, in a sentence or two, as you understand it now?&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Where did the draft stop, and what was about to happen?&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;What do you already know you want to change?&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The third answer is the important one. You will have ideas the moment you look at the book again: a character who should be older, a subplot that needs to go, an ending that has shifted. Write them all down here, as a list, and leave them there. They are revision notes, not instructions for today.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Reread only the last chapter&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now read the last chapter or two you wrote, and nothing else. They are closest to where you need to start, they carry the voice and the tone you were writing in, and they are short enough to read in one sitting without starting to edit.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Read them as a reader, not an editor. If something jars, add it to the list in your note and keep going. You are listening for the sound of the book so that the next sentence you write sounds like it belongs.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Start with a small scene&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first scene back does not have to be the next scene in order, and it does not have to be important. It is better if it is neither. Pick something small and clear that you can see already: a conversation you know the shape of, a short moment between two characters, a scene that has been in your head during the gap.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Write it in one sitting, badly if need be. A finished small scene does more for your confidence than a brilliant opening paragraph of a difficult one. If nothing comes, try one of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/writing-prompts&quot;&gt;writing prompts&lt;/a&gt; with one of your own characters in it; a prompt gives you a door in without asking you to decide where the book goes next.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Set a goal for a bad week&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When you come back to a book, it is tempting to make up for lost time with an ambitious target. That target usually lasts about four days.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Choose a pace you could keep in your worst week instead, and let the good weeks run over it. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/daily-word-goals&quot;&gt;daily word goals&lt;/a&gt; explains how to pick that number, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/word-goal-calculator&quot;&gt;word goal calculator&lt;/a&gt; will tell you what it means for a finish date. A small goal you keep is how a returning writer turns one good sitting into a habit again.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Make the next sitting easy to start&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The sittings after the first one matter as much, and the main enemy is friction: finding the file, finding your place, remembering what the scene was for. Before you stop each day, leave yourself a line at the end of the scene saying what happens next. It makes the next start almost automatic.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many writers also find it helps to keep the sittings short and regular at first, fifteen or twenty minutes at the same time of day, rather than waiting for a free afternoon. Short sittings are easier to protect, and they keep the book in your head between them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What to do about everything you want to fix&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;By the end of your first week back, the list of things you want to change will be long. That is a good sign: it means you see the book more clearly than you did. Resist the urge to start fixing it while the draft is unfinished. Every revision you make to a half-written book may be undone by what happens in the other half.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Finish the draft first, then work through the list. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/revise-a-first-draft&quot;&gt;revising a first draft in three passes&lt;/a&gt; describes an order for doing it that saves you from polishing scenes you will later cut.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;In Author Sweets&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When you open the Library, &lt;strong&gt;Continue writing&lt;/strong&gt; takes you to the scene you were in, and the Today line shows the words you have written today across every book, so the first sitting back starts on the page rather than in a file browser. A word target and a finish date in Book settings show how many words a day keep the book on time, and you can change them whenever your life does.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The book keeps automatic versions as you write, on every plan, so you can make the big changes on your list later knowing the earlier draft is still there to compare against. If your draft lives in another program, Scribe and above can import it from Word, Scrivener, EPUB, Markdown or plain text.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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    <item>
      <title>Planning a series: keeping names, places and facts straight</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/plan-a-series</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/plan-a-series</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Planning</category>
      <description>Keep a series consistent from book one: what to record as you write, a chronology in story time, names that never collide and recaps without info dumps.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;Readers of a series remember more than you expect. They remember that the innkeeper’s daughter had a scar on her left hand, that the river runs east, and that the hero could not swim in book one. They will write to you, kindly or not, when book three gets it wrong.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The writer is at a disadvantage here. You wrote book one two years ago, in a different mood, and you have reread it less often than your keenest readers. The answer is not a better memory. It is a habit of writing things down while they are fresh, in a form you can actually use when you start the next book.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decide what kind of series it is&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Series come in a few shapes, and each one asks for different records.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One long story across several books&lt;/strong&gt;, such as an epic fantasy or a family saga. The plot itself runs on, so you need to track who knows what, and when.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The same characters, a new story each time&lt;/strong&gt;, such as most crime and many romance series. Each book stands alone, so the people, places and running details matter more than the plot.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A shared world with different characters&lt;/strong&gt;, where each book follows someone new. The setting, its history and its rules are the thread.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Knowing which you are writing tells you where to spend your effort. A detective series needs a meticulous record of the detective. A shared-world series needs one of the world.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Keep one reference for the whole series&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many writers keep a separate notes document for each book. It feels natural, and it means that by book four the facts about a single character are spread across four files that partly disagree.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Keep one reference for the series instead, organised by subject rather than by book: a page per character, a page per place, a page for each set of rules. When a book adds something, add it to the right page with a note of which book it came from. When you need to know a character’s sister’s name, there is one place to look, and it already includes everything every book has said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What to write down as you go&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The best time to record a fact is the moment you invent it, in the middle of drafting, before you have a chance to forget you made it up. A quick note is enough; you can tidy it later. These are the details that most often go astray across a series:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Names and their spellings&lt;/strong&gt;, including nicknames, titles and what different characters call each other.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ages and birthdays&lt;/strong&gt;, or at least the year each character was born, so that ages stay right as the books move on.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Physical details&lt;/strong&gt; that are easy to contradict: eye colour, height, scars, which hand someone writes with.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Places and distances&lt;/strong&gt;: how long the journey takes, what is on which side of the river, which street the shop is on.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The rules&lt;/strong&gt;: how the magic or technology works, what it costs and what it cannot do. Readers forgive almost anything except a rule that changes when the plot needs it to.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who knows what&lt;/strong&gt;: secrets, and the book in which each character learned them.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loose threads&lt;/strong&gt;: anything you hinted at and might want to pay off later, so a hint does not turn into a promise you forgot.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Keep a chronology in story time&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Books are written in one order and happen in another. Flashbacks, time skips and the gaps between books all make it easy to lose track of when things happened, and a series multiplies the problem.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Keep a simple chronology of the story’s own calendar: the key events of each book with a date or a relative marker such as &lt;em&gt;Day 3&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;spring, two years after the fire&lt;/em&gt;. You do not need exact dates if the books do not use them, but you need the order and the rough distances. It is what lets you check, quickly, how old the children are now, or whether a character could really have heard the news before the wedding.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Author Sweets, the Timeline tab lays a book’s scenes out in the order they happen in the story, and each scene can carry a story date in your own words, so the chronology of each book sits right beside its draft.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Choose names that will not collide&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Across a long series, the cast grows, and similar names start to cause real confusion. Two minor characters called Mara and Marta are fine in one book; across five books, with a Mark and a Martin arriving later, readers start to mix them up.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A few habits help. Keep a list of every name in the series, minor characters included, and check it before naming anyone new. Vary first letters, syllable counts and sounds. Be wary of names that look alike on the page even if they sound different aloud. And give places the same care: a town, a river and a family that share a name are a gift to the plot only if you meant it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you need a fresh name that does not echo the ones you have, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/name-generators&quot;&gt;name generators&lt;/a&gt; offer character, fantasy, villain, place and town names, twelve at a time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Reread before you start the next book&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Before you draft a new book in the series, read the last one again, with your reference open beside you. You are not editing; you are checking what is actually on the page against what you remember. Add anything the reference is missing, and mark anything that contradicts it, so you can decide which version is true before you build on it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If rereading a whole book is not practical, read your outline or synopsis of it and the last few chapters in full. The ending of the previous book is where the next one starts, and its tone and situation are the details you most need fresh.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Remind readers without an info dump&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Every book after the first has to serve two readers at once: the one who has just finished the previous book and the one who has never read it. Both need enough context to follow, and neither wants three pages of summary.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Weave the past in where it matters. A character’s history comes up when it changes what they do in this scene, not in a block at the start. A sentence of reminder at the moment a returning character appears is usually enough, and it reads as characterisation if it comes from the point-of-view character’s feelings about them rather than from the narrator.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;In Author Sweets&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Each book keeps its own characters and places, each with a page of its own. &lt;strong&gt;Facts&lt;/strong&gt; hold label and value pairs such as an age, an eye colour or an allegiance, so the details readers notice sit in one tidy list, and the search finds a character by a fact you have filled in. &lt;strong&gt;Also known as&lt;/strong&gt; keeps the other names the text uses for someone, a nickname, a title or a maiden name, and &lt;strong&gt;Mark names in the text&lt;/strong&gt; underlines every mention in the scene you have open.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A World tab keeps everything that is not a person or a place: items, factions, lore, creatures, events, or a kind of your own.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/outline-a-novel-in-an-afternoon&quot;&gt;guide to outlining a novel&lt;/a&gt; is a good companion for planning the next book’s shape, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/structures&quot;&gt;story structures&lt;/a&gt; can lay its chapters out for you the moment you start it.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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    <item>
      <title>What to do when the middle of your novel sags</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/fix-a-sagging-middle</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/fix-a-sagging-middle</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Craft</category>
      <description>Why the middle of a novel goes slack, how to find the scene where it starts, and six fixes: a real midpoint, a new question, a plan for the antagonist and more.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;The beginning of a novel is exciting to write because everything is possible. The ending is exciting because you can finally see it. The middle is where you find out whether there is a book, and it is where a lot of drafts stall: the scenes still happen, but each one feels a little less necessary than the last, and you start to suspect the reader would skim.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That feeling has causes, and most of them can be fixed. This post is about diagnosing a slack middle and then mending it, whether you notice it while drafting or on the first read-through afterwards.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Why middles sag&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A story pulls the reader forward with questions. Will she get the boatyard? Who sent the letter? Can these two people forgive each other? At the start of a book you raise those questions, and at the end you answer them. The middle sags when the questions stop changing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are three common ways this happens:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The opening question is answered too early&lt;/strong&gt;, and nothing has taken its place, so the story keeps going without anything to pull it.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The question stays exactly the same for too long.&lt;/strong&gt; The reader has understood the problem, and scene after scene restates it without moving it.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The protagonist is waiting.&lt;/strong&gt; Things happen to them, but they are not trying anything, so there is nothing to succeed or fail at.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All three feel the same from inside the draft, which is why it helps to look at the structure rather than at individual sentences.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Find where the slack begins&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sagging rarely starts in the exact middle. It usually starts at a specific scene, often the first one after a strong turn, where the story relaxes and never quite tightens again.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To find it, write a single line for each scene in the middle third of the book, saying what changes in it. Not what happens, but what is different at the end of the scene from the beginning. You will usually find a run of scenes whose lines are nearly identical: &lt;em&gt;she suspects him&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;she suspects him more&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;she is nearly sure&lt;/em&gt;. The first of those is where the slack begins, and the run is what needs work.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An outline view helps here, because you can see the whole middle at once instead of scrolling through it. In Author Sweets, the Outline board shows every scene as a card with its synopsis, and the Plot grid lays the same scenes out by chapter and by point of view or character, which makes a thread that has gone quiet easy to spot.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix one: make the midpoint turn&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/structures&quot;&gt;story structures&lt;/a&gt; put a turn at about the halfway mark, and there is a practical reason for it. A midpoint changes the nature of the problem: a revelation that reframes what the protagonist wants, a reversal that turns an advantage into a danger, or a commitment that means they can no longer walk away.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If your middle sags, check whether the book has a real midpoint, and whether it changes the question or only raises the stakes on the old one. “The killer strikes again” raises the stakes. “The killer is someone she trusts” changes the question. The second kind gives the next quarter of the book something new to be about.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix two: raise a new question before the old one closes&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Good serial television is a useful model here. Each episode answers something and opens something else before the credits. In a novel, you want the same overlap: before one line of tension resolves, another should already be pulling.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Look at each place in the middle where a question gets answered. What is the reader wondering about on the next page? If the answer is nothing, add the new question earlier: let the letter that resolves one mystery mention a name nobody recognises, or let the reconciliation happen just as the outside threat arrives.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix three: give the antagonist a plan&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Middles often sag because the opposition has gone passive. The protagonist investigates, prepares or travels, and the people or forces in the way simply wait to be reached.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ask what the antagonist is doing while the protagonist is busy. Not a villain necessarily, but whoever or whatever stands in the way: a rival, a family, an institution, the weather. If they have a plan of their own, and it advances in the middle of the book, the protagonist’s scenes gain a clock and a set of surprises. Even a single scene in which the opposition makes a move can reset the tension for several chapters.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix four: cut the scenes that repeat a beat&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That run of nearly identical scene lines from earlier is the clearest sign of a sag, and the simplest fix is to combine them. If three scenes all show the protagonist growing more suspicious, keep the strongest one and fold the best detail from the other two into it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cutting feels like losing work, but a middle that is shorter and changes more often reads as faster even when nothing new has been added. Keep the cut scenes in a separate file or an earlier version if that makes it easier; the guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/revise-a-first-draft&quot;&gt;revising a first draft&lt;/a&gt; has more on cutting without fear.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix five: let a subplot carry weight&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A second line of story, such as a relationship, a family problem or a parallel investigation, can carry the reader through stretches where the main plot needs time to develop. It works when the subplot has its own questions and turns, and best of all when it collides with the main plot, so that a choice in one costs something in the other.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It does not work when the subplot is a pause. If a reader could skip every scene of it without missing anything, it is padding, however pleasant it is to write.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Fix six: make the protagonist try something&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If the protagonist is waiting, give them a plan, even a bad one. A plan that fails is one of the best engines a middle can have: it shows what the character wants, puts them under pressure and leaves them worse off, with a reason to try something else. Characters who act are also easier to write, because every scene has an obvious question: does this work?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;While you are still drafting&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you are in the middle right now and it feels slow, it is usually better to keep going than to stop and rebuild. Write the next scene with one thing changed, mark the slack scenes in a note, and fix them when the draft is done and you can see the whole shape. A finished draft with a soft middle can be repaired. An unfinished one with a perfect first half cannot be published.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you planned the book with an outline, now is a good time to reread it. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/outline-a-novel-in-an-afternoon&quot;&gt;outlining a novel in an afternoon&lt;/a&gt; suggests writing turning points as questions, and those questions are often exactly what a slack middle has lost.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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      <title>How to keep research notes you can find again</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/keep-research-notes-you-can-find-again</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/keep-research-notes-you-can-find-again</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Planning</category>
      <description>For nonfiction, memoir and historical fiction: one place for notes, a source on every fact, tags by where you will use it, and checks marked in the draft.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;Every book that leans on facts has the same quiet problem. You read something useful in March, you need it in September, and by then it is somewhere among a notebook, three browser tabs you closed, a photo on your phone and a document called &lt;em&gt;notes final 2&lt;/em&gt;. You remember that you read it. You cannot remember where.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This matters most for nonfiction and memoir, where a wrong date or an unsourced quotation is a real problem, and for historical fiction, where readers notice. But any novelist who has looked up how long a letter took to cross the Atlantic, or what a particular bird sounds like, knows the feeling. Here is a way of keeping research that is built around finding things later, which is the only reason to keep them at all.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;One place, not five&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The single biggest improvement is to choose one home for the book’s research and put everything there, even the things that start somewhere else. A photo of a page becomes a note with the photo’s details typed in. A link becomes a note with what the page says and why you saved it. A thought in the shower becomes a note as soon as you are dry.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It does not much matter which tool you use, as long as it is one tool and you can search it. Research spread across several apps is not organised; it is merely stored. The test is simple: when you need a fact, is there exactly one place to look?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;A note per idea, not per source&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The natural way to take notes is one long note per book or article: everything from a history of shipping lanes in a single block. It feels tidy and it is hard to use, because when you need one fact you have to reread the whole block to find it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Instead, write one note per fact, quotation or idea, short enough to read at a glance. A note might be no more than two sentences: what is true, and where it comes from. A book you read closely might produce twenty small notes rather than one large one, and each of them can then be tagged, moved and found on its own.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Write the source down first&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Record where something comes from at the moment you write the note, not later. Later never comes, or it comes the week before the manuscript is due, when you are retracing your reading through a library website at midnight.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For each note, keep at least:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;The title and author of the source, or the name of the person who told you.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Where in it: a page number, a chapter, a timestamp in a recording, a link.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;The date you looked, for anything online, since pages change.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It takes a few seconds per note. It is also the difference between a bibliography you can assemble in an afternoon and one you rebuild from memory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Tag by where you will use it&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most people tag research by topic: &lt;em&gt;ships&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;medicine&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;London&lt;/em&gt;. Topic tags are fine, but they answer the question you ask least often. When you are writing, the question is rarely “what do I know about ships?” It is “what do I need for this chapter?”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So add a second kind of tag, for where the note will be used: a chapter, a part, a character, a period of the story. A note about quarantine rules might carry &lt;em&gt;medicine&lt;/em&gt; and also &lt;em&gt;chapter 7&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;the crossing&lt;/em&gt;. When you sit down to write chapter 7, you search for its tag and everything you gathered for it is in front of you, even the notes you have forgotten taking.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is fine if a note has no use tag yet. Some research is background, and it earns its place by making you confident rather than by appearing on the page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Keep what they said apart from what you think&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A research note mixes two different things: what the source says, and your thoughts about it. Months later, it is surprisingly hard to tell them apart, and that is how a writer’s own guess turns into a “fact” that ends up in print.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Keep them visibly separate. Put direct quotations in quotation marks, exactly as written, with the page number. Paraphrase in your own words and say that it is a paraphrase. Put your own reactions, questions and ideas after a clear marker of your choosing, such as &lt;em&gt;Me:&lt;/em&gt; at the start of the line. It looks fussy and it saves real trouble, especially in memoir, where your memory of an event and a document about it may disagree, and both are worth keeping.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Mark what still needs checking&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;You will not have every fact when you need it, and stopping the draft to look something up is a reliable way to lose an hour. Instead, write the sentence with your best guess and mark it so you can find it again. Journalists and editors traditionally use &lt;em&gt;TK&lt;/em&gt;, short for “to come”, because the letter pair is rare in English and easy to search for. Any mark works if it is unusual and consistent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Then, once a week or at the end of a draft, search for the mark and clear the list in one sitting, with your research open beside you. Checking facts in a batch is much faster than checking them one at a time in the middle of a scene.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Read your notes before you write a section&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Research only helps if it reaches the page. Before you start a chapter, spend five minutes reading every note tagged for it. Not to plan the chapter in detail, just to have the material fresh in your head. The details you find again that way are often the ones that make a scene feel lived in: the weight of a coin, the smell of a ward, the phrase a grandmother always used.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you are writing nonfiction, the same notes feed the chapter outline in your proposal, and the guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/write-a-book-proposal&quot;&gt;writing a nonfiction book proposal&lt;/a&gt; explains how. If you are writing a memoir, notes from letters, diaries and conversations are where the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/write-a-memoir&quot;&gt;two narrators&lt;/a&gt; of a memoir get their facts straight.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;In Author Sweets&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Notes sit beside the manuscript in Plan, with tags and a search that finds them. Each note can keep its &lt;strong&gt;Sources&lt;/strong&gt;: the work’s title, a link and what it says there, with a citation you can copy for your acknowledgements or bibliography. Pin the notes you need for a stretch of the book and they stay under the scene details while you write.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For a quick mark in the draft itself, select a passage and choose &lt;strong&gt;Note on the selection&lt;/strong&gt;, or give it a highlight colour you keep for “check this”. Highlights and notes stay out of every export and every shared copy, so a forgotten one never reaches a reader. Characters and places have &lt;strong&gt;Facts&lt;/strong&gt;, label and value pairs such as a date of birth or a regiment, which are often where a researched detail belongs once you have confirmed it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If your book is nonfiction, the page &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/for/nonfiction&quot;&gt;for nonfiction authors&lt;/a&gt; shows how the rest of the app fits that kind of book.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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      <title>Choosing point of view and tense before you draft</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/choose-point-of-view-and-tense</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/choose-point-of-view-and-tense</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Craft</category>
      <description>First person or third, past tense or present: what each choice gives a story and costs it, and a one-page test to settle the question before chapter one.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;Point of view and tense are the two decisions that touch every sentence of a book. Change your mind about a character’s name at chapter twenty and it is a find-and-replace. Change your mind about who is telling the story, or when, and it is a rewrite of every page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That is a good reason to make the choice on purpose, before the draft rather than halfway through it. This post walks through what each option gives you and what it costs, and ends with a quick test that settles the question better than any amount of thinking about it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Why the choice matters so early&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Point of view decides what the reader can know. If the story is told from inside one character’s head, the reader learns things when that character does and not before, which is the engine of most mysteries and a lot of romance. If the narrator can see into several heads, or stand above all of them, the reader can know things the characters do not, which is the engine of dramatic irony and most epic fantasy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tense decides how the story feels in time. Past tense sounds like a story being told; present tense sounds like a story happening. Neither is more correct, and readers adjust to either within a page. But they set a rhythm, and switching between them by accident is one of the most common reasons a draft feels unsteady.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;First person&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I opened the door.&lt;/em&gt; First person puts the reader inside one character’s voice. You get intimacy and a strong personality for free: everything on the page is filtered through how that person sees, so the narration itself becomes characterisation. It suits memoir-like fiction, crime with a sharp narrator, young adult fiction and any book where the voice is the draw.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The cost is reach. The narrator can only report what they see, hear or are told, so every important event has to happen in front of them or be explained to them afterwards. Watch for scenes where the narrator conveniently overhears things, and for a narrator who describes their own face in a mirror because there is no other way to get it on the page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Close third person&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;She opened the door.&lt;/em&gt; Close third stays near one character at a time, often as near as first person, but the narration is not literally their voice. This gives you most of the intimacy with a little more freedom: you can describe the character from just outside, step back for a line of landscape, or use a vocabulary they would not.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Close third is also the easiest way to write more than one point of view. Each scene belongs to one character, a break or a new chapter moves to another, and the reader always knows whose head they are in. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/scenes-and-chapters&quot;&gt;scenes and chapters&lt;/a&gt; explains why one point of view per scene is a rule worth keeping.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The common trap is head-hopping: drifting from one character’s thoughts to another’s inside a single scene. It is not forbidden, but done by accident it blurs the scene, because the reader stops knowing whose experience they are having.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Omniscient&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Neither of them knew, as the door opened, that the house had been sold that morning.&lt;/em&gt; An omniscient narrator knows everything and can say so. It is the voice of a lot of classic fiction and of big, many-stranded stories, and it lets you summarise, foreshadow and move between characters freely.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is harder to do well than it looks, because the narrator becomes a character in its own right, with opinions and a tone that have to stay consistent across the book. Omniscient narration that is really close third with occasional slips tends to read as a mistake rather than a choice. If you pick it, give the narrator a voice worth listening to.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Second person, briefly&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You open the door.&lt;/em&gt; Second person is rare in novels and common in short fiction, interactive fiction and some memoir. It can be startling and intimate, and it can also become tiring over a long book. If you are drawn to it, write a chapter before you commit to three hundred pages.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Past or present tense&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Past tense is the default for most fiction and nearly all memoir. It is invisible: readers stop noticing it after a paragraph, and it lets the narration look back, summarise and reflect without strain.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Present tense gives immediacy and a sense that nobody, including the narrator, knows how this ends. It is common in thrillers, young adult fiction and literary fiction. It makes flashbacks and summary a little more awkward, because every step back in time needs a shift into the past tense, and it can feel breathless in a long book if every scene is pitched at the same urgency.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A few honest questions help:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Does the narrator know how the story ends? If they are telling it from afterwards, past tense is natural.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Is reflection part of the book’s pleasure? Memoir and slower literary fiction usually want past tense.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Do you want the reader to feel that anything could happen next, line by line? Present tense helps.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;More than one narrator&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many novels follow two or more point-of-view characters. That works best when each one has a reason to be there: a part of the story only they can show, or a view of events that changes how we read the others. A useful test is to ask what the book would lose if you cut a narrator. If the answer is nothing much, their scenes may belong to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Keep the pattern readable. Alternating chapters, a name at the top of each chapter, or simply a strong change of voice all help the reader settle into each new section quickly. Keep an eye on balance too. If one narrator vanishes for a third of the book, readers notice.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Author Sweets, each scene can carry its point of view, and the Plot grid lays the scenes out by chapter and by point of view, which makes it easy to see who carries which stretch of the book and where someone goes quiet.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The one-page test&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The quickest way to choose is to stop deciding in the abstract. Take one scene you can already see clearly, ideally an important one, and write the same page three times:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;In first person, past tense.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;In close third person, past tense.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;In whichever option tempts you most: present tense, omniscient, or a second narrator’s view.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do not polish them. Write each one fast, in one sitting, then read them aloud the next day. Usually one of them sounds like the book, and the others sound like exercises. If none of them does, you have learned something about the scene rather than the narration, which is also useful.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you need a scene to try it on, any of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/writing-prompts&quot;&gt;writing prompts&lt;/a&gt; will do, and you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/try&quot;&gt;try the editor without an account&lt;/a&gt; if you want somewhere quiet to write them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Changing your mind later&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sometimes a draft tells you the choice was wrong. A first-person narrator turns out to be the least interesting person in the book, or a present-tense draft starts to feel airless at the halfway point.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If that happens, finish the draft in the original choice if you can, and make a note of the switch for revision. Converting a whole book is a mechanical, line-by-line job, and it is far easier on a complete draft than on half of one, because you know by then what the book needs the narration to do. The guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/revise-a-first-draft&quot;&gt;revising a first draft&lt;/a&gt; suggests doing it in the scene pass, after the story is settled and before you polish any sentences.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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      <title>Why we built Author Sweets to be calm</title>
      <link>https://authorsweets.com/blog/why-we-built-author-sweets-to-be-calm</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://authorsweets.com/blog/why-we-built-author-sweets-to-be-calm</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Inside Author Sweets</category>
      <description>A book is written in quiet sittings, so we built a writing app that stays out of the way: no badges, no pop-ups, no pressure, and your words always yours.</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;Most software wants your attention. It is measured on how often you open it, how long you stay and how many things you click, and over the years it has learned a lot of ways to get more of all three: a red dot on an icon, a streak about to break, a pop-up with a tip you did not ask for, an email to say you have not been in for a while.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A writing tool should want the opposite. The best session in a writing app is the one where you forget the app is there: you open it, you are in the scene you left, and an hour later you look up with six hundred more words than you had. That is the whole job. We built Author Sweets around that idea, and this post is about what it meant in practice, including the things we chose not to build.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What calm means to us&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Calm is not the same as sparse. A book is a large, complicated object, and a tool for writing one needs a lot in it: chapters and scenes, an outline, characters and places, versions, exports, a way to show the draft to readers. Hiding all of that would not make the work calmer; it would make you go looking.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What we mean by calm is that the tool never competes with the page for your attention. Everything is there when you reach for it and quiet when you do not. The manuscript is the default screen. Plan, Versions, Share and Publish are tabs beside it, one click away and otherwise out of sight. &lt;strong&gt;Ctrl+K&lt;/strong&gt; (⌘K on a Mac) jumps to any scene, chapter, character or screen by typing a few letters of its name, so you never have to remember where something lives.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a version of this that is simply good manners: do not interrupt someone who is working. A lot of software forgets it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What we left out on purpose&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Some of the most deliberate decisions in Author Sweets are things that are not there.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No badges and no points.&lt;/strong&gt; Nothing in the app rewards you for opening it, and nothing counts against you for staying away.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No pop-ups while you write.&lt;/strong&gt; The first time you open a manuscript, a quiet banner offers a short tour; whichever way you answer, it never asks again and never takes the cursor from you. After that, announcements stay off the page, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/changelog&quot;&gt;release notes&lt;/a&gt; are there for anyone who wants them.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No marketing email.&lt;/strong&gt; The messages we send are receipts, security notices and changes to the terms. We do not email you to bring you back.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No advertising or analytics tracking on the site.&lt;/strong&gt; We set no cookies of our own, and the style check and read aloud run on your device and send nothing anywhere.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Each of these costs us something. A nudge email really does bring people back, and a leaderboard really does make some people write more for a while. We think the price is paid later, by the writer, in a slow sense that the tool is managing them. A book takes months or years, and nothing that relies on pressure lasts that long.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Progress without pressure&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Leaving out pressure does not mean leaving out progress. Seeing a book grow is one of the real pleasures of writing one, and it helps on the days when the work feels stuck.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So Author Sweets keeps the record. A sprint timer counts the words you add in a sitting and keeps your best. A daily goal, a word target and a finish date are there if you want them, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/word-goal-calculator&quot;&gt;word goal calculator&lt;/a&gt; does the arithmetic before you set one. Your streak and a calendar of every day you wrote in the last year are there to look back on.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What we try hard to avoid is turning that record into a judgement. Goals are yours to set, change or ignore. A missed day is a day, not a failure, and the guide to &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/guides/daily-word-goals&quot;&gt;daily word goals&lt;/a&gt; explains why we think a goal you can hit on a bad day beats an ambitious one you resent. The aim is momentum you would choose for yourself, not momentum the app extracts from you.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;One click back to the page&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most writing happens in short sittings, often squeezed between other things. If it takes three minutes to find your place, a twenty-minute sitting loses a sixth of itself before the first word.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That is why the Library opens with &lt;strong&gt;Continue writing&lt;/strong&gt;, which takes you straight back to the scene you were in, and a line showing the words you have written today across every book. It is why your words save as you type and keep saving when the connection drops: the moment you sit down should never begin with worrying whether yesterday was saved. And it is why the editor works the same way in a browser on a laptop, a tablet or a phone, so the sitting can happen wherever you are.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Your words stay yours&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Calm also means not having to wonder about the thing that matters most, which is the book itself.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;You own what you write in Author Sweets, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/terms&quot;&gt;terms&lt;/a&gt; say so: no part of your copyright passes to us. You can download your data or delete your account from the Account page on any plan, without asking anyone. Markdown and plain-text exports work on every plan, and nothing is deleted when a paid plan ends. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/security&quot;&gt;security page&lt;/a&gt; explains how saving, versions and backups work, in plain words.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is no AI inside Author Sweets today. Nothing rewrites, summarises or suggests, and every word on the page is one you typed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Your manuscripts will never be used to train an AI model, ours or anyone else’s. That promise is written into our &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/privacy#ai-pledge&quot;&gt;AI pledge&lt;/a&gt;, and the terms adopt it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What calm asks of us&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Building this way is slower. Every new feature has to earn its place on a screen that is trying to stay quiet, and a lot of ideas do not make it. Features that are not finished stay switched off on the live site until they have been reviewed, so the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/pricing&quot;&gt;pricing page&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/features&quot;&gt;feature list&lt;/a&gt; describe only what works today.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It also means saying no to some things people ask for, at least in the form they ask for them. When a request would add noise for everyone to help a few, we look for a way to put it one click away instead of on the page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We wrote down the beliefs behind all of this on &lt;a href=&quot;https://authorsweets.com/philosophy&quot;&gt;our philosophy page&lt;/a&gt;, each with what it means in the product right now, so you can hold us to them.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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